Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for FPSC, PPSC, SPSC, KPSC, BPSC, NTS, and PTS Job Test Preparation.
The word computer science meant a person who did computations or Compute, but now it almost always refers to automated electronic devices. Computers can do much more than calculator, however. They are now used in all sorts of ways to better control or automate products and processes.
Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as (input) from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.
A computer has four functions:
Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc.
Ex. Typical examples include keyboards, mouse, trackballs, pointing sticks, joysticks, digital tablets, touch pads, scanners etc.
There are tow basic types of software. System Software and Application Software.
Ex. Microsoft Office, In-page, Coral Draw and Photoshop etc.
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Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as (input) from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.
A computer has four functions:
- Accepts data → Input
- Processes data → Processing
- Produces output → Output
- Stores results → Storage
Input Devices
Computer is n electronic device. It is made of many parts. It works in three basic steps. INPUT, PROCESSING and OUTPUT. Input is a computer term. Which means to put data in computer. Different computer parts are used to put data into a computer. They are called input devices.Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc.
Ex. Typical examples include keyboards, mouse, trackballs, pointing sticks, joysticks, digital tablets, touch pads, scanners etc.
Output Devices
Output is the result by a computer after data processing. Computer output devices show us text, Pictures and give out Sounds. Output is also called as Result. We can save these results in the storage devices for the future use. Ex. Monitor, Printer, Speakers, Projector and Modem are the output devices.Data Storage Devices
Data storage is a unique feature of computer. Once we store data in our computer, we can re-open it, copy it or get its printout whenever we like. We can also transfer data to any other computer or memory device. Computer stores data in electronic signals. That is why, a copied data is 100% the same as the original one. We can make so many copies in a short time.Computer Hardware and Software
Our computer is the combination of Hardware and Software. Hardware is the parts of computer that we can touch. Software is the computer programs that we cannot see. We cannot touch software programs. Ex. A cassette is the hardware. The recording of cassette is Software.Relationship between Hardware and Software
- Hardware and software are mutually dependent on each other. Both of them must work together to make a computer produce a useful output.
- Software cannot be utilized without supporting hardware.
- Hardware without set of programs to operate upon cannot be utilized and is useless.
- To get a particular job done on the computer, relevant software should be loaded into the hardware
- Hardware is a one-time expense.
- Software development is very expensive and is a continuing expense.
- Different software applications can be loaded on a hardware to run different jobs.
- A software acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.
- If hardware is the 'heart' of a computer system, then software is its 'soul'. Both are complimentary to each other.
Computer Hardware
Def : The physical elements of a computer is called hardware which we can touch, hardware is generally divided into the central processing unit (CPU), and main memory (or random-access memory, RAM). The last class encompasses all sorts of input and output (I/O) devices: keyboard, display monitor, printer, disk drives, network connections, scanners, and more.Examples of Hardware are following:
- Input Devices.
- Output Devices.
- Data Storage Devices.
- Internal components.
- Computer Software
There are tow basic types of software. System Software and Application Software.
System Software
System software is a large program which gives instructions to all computer parts. System software also controls application software. When we work on application software, the application software communicates with the system software. Ex. Windows is the best and very popular system software. The system gives instructions to the computer parts to act on our instructions.Application Software
Application software is like a tool. We cannot work on a computer without installing application software. We need different types of software to perform different works.Ex. Microsoft Office, In-page, Coral Draw and Photoshop etc.
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Q.1 - Central Processing Unit is combination of: A.
Control and Storage Unit B. Control and Output Unit C.
Arithmetic Logic and Input Unit D. Arithmetic Logic and Control Unit Show Answer |
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Q.2 - The octal equivalent of 111010 is A.
81 B. 72 C.
71 D. None of the above Show Answer |
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Q.3 - Programs designed to perform specific tasks is known as A.
System Software B. Application Software C.
Utility Software D. Operating Software Show Answer |
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Q.4 - Analog Computer works on the supply of A.
Continuous electrical pulses B. Electrical pulses but not continuous C.
Magnetic strength D. None of the above Show Answer |
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Q.5 - Time during which a job is processed by a the computer is ........... A.
Delay times B. Real time C.
Execution time D. Down time Show Answer |
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Q.6 - Which of the following chips can be reprogrammed with special electric pulses? A.
EPROM B. PROM C.
ROM D. EEPROM Show Answer |
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Q.7 - Hexadecimal number system have ............ A.
One stable stage B. Two stable state C.
Eight Stable state D. Sixteen Stable state Show Answer |
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Q.8 - The mostly commonly used standard data code to represent alphabetical, numerical and punctuation character used in electronic data processing system is called .......... A.
ASCII B. EDCDII C.
BCD D. All of the above Show Answer |
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Q.9 - The term gigabyte refers to .......... A.
1024 bytes B. 1024 kilobytes C.
1024 megabytes D. 1024 terabytes Show Answer |
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Q.10 - Seek time is .......... A.
Time to position the head over proper track B. Time to position the head over proper sector C.
Time to position the head over proper cylinder D. None of the above Show Answer |
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Q.11 - Which is considered a direct entry input device? A.
Optical scanner B. Mouse and digitizer C.
Light pen D. All of the above Show Answer |
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Q.12 - Group of instructions that directs a computer is called .......... A.
Storage B. Logic C.
Memory D. Program Show Answer |
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Q.13 - A type of memory chip whose contents can not be saved when a computer is turned off ........... A.
ROM B. PROM C.
RAM D. EPROM Show Answer |
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Q.14 - In latest generation computers, the instructions are executed ........... A.
Parallel only B. Sequentially only C.
Both sequentially and parallel D. All of the above Show Answer |
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Q.15 - Which of the following terms is the most closely related to main memory? A.
None volatile B. Permanent C.
Control unit D. Temporary Show Answer |
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Q.16 - Which language is directly understood by the computer without translation program ........... A.
Machine language B. Assembly language C.
High level language D. None of the above Show Answer |
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Q.17 - Which of the following is used only for data entry and storage, and never of processing? A.
Mouse B. Dumb terminal C.
Micro computer D. Dedicated data entry system Show Answer |
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Q.18 - Who is called called the GrandFather of the computer? A.
Blaise Pascal B. Charles Babbage C.
Joseph Jacquard D. Dr. Herman Hollerith Show Answer |
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Q.19 - The translator program used in assembly language is called ........... A.
Computer B. Interpreter C.
Assembler D. Translator Show Answer |
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Q.20 - A modern electronic computer is a machine that is meant for ............. A.
Doing quick mathematical calculation B. Input, storage, manipulation and outputting of data C.
Electronic Data processing D. Performing repetitive task accurately Show Answer |
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